Education - Heritage






A Brief History of Kenley:

The history of Kenley and nearby Purley is well detailed in the Bourne Society series of publications on Village Histories (see www.bourne-society.org.uk ). The following is only the briefest of histories but may be sufficient to whet your appetite for more.

Although Kenley is a comparatively new village as a result of the development of the Caterham railway in 1856, a community did exist using the name of Wattendone in the 7th century AD. It was subsequently mentioned in the Domesday book of 1086 as a small unit of one church, 17 villagers and two cottagers. The name of Kenley, then known as Kenele, was first reported in 1255 relating to a farm in the area where Kenley House is now. Wattendone eventually became known as Waddington. The English Place Name Society has identified the name of Coena's Leah in Anglo-Saxon times and is thought to refer to land owned by the Coena people who were themselves associated with Kennington of South London. This could be the origin of Kenley.

In 1851, the area we now call Kenley, between Old Lodge Lane and the Godstone Road, included the hamlet of Waddington and several farms: Garston, Hayes, Kenley, Great Roke and Little Roke, Waterhouse and Welcomes. There were some 249 souls on this scattered community without a church or a school. The first church built at Wattendone had been burned down in 1780 and was eventually replaced by All Saints Church in 1871 making Kenley a parish in its own right. At the same time the first school built was Riddlesdown National School on the corner of Godstone Road and Downs Court Road. Water and gas were first supplied in 1869.

By 1901 the population had risen to 1,299 and had increased to 9,260 by 1981. Today it is in excess of 10,000 and still increasing as infilling and subdivision of houses takes place.


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Heritage:

Below are just a few examples of the heritage that the Residents' Association is proud to have within its area and protects for posterity.

All Saints Church

This church built in 1870/71 for the growing number of parishioners was designed by James Fowler at a cost of £3,500 to seat 200 people and was constructed of Kentish ragstone with an attractive red and black brick interior, intersperced with white stone. In 1904 the tower had three bells and a belfry clock installed for the magnificent sum of £88. At the same time the organ was replaced with the current one.

Kenley Airfield

Sequestered in 1917 from farmland, including a golf course, this natural plateau was very suitable for warplanes during World War Two where it played a vital role in the Battle of Britain alongside its more illustrious neighbour, Biggin Hill. Today it is the home of a gliding club. The Kenley Tribute Memorial is well worth a visit commemorating all the RAF squadrons that flew from there. The nearby Wattenden Arms was frequented by the aircrews and has much memorabilia on display.

Housing

Kenley of the past had mostly large houses with acres of ground. Gradually these large gardens have been divided into smaller plots for new houses. During the 1930's there was much development of more moderate housing throughout the whole area. This has continued with more infilling as there are few tracts of land left for development.

Memorial Hall

The building of the hall was inspired by those who lost sons in the First World War. The foundation stone was laid on December 3 1921 after generous donations from the people of Kenley. Rededicated by Group Captain Douglas Bader in 1975, today it serves the community for local events, meetings and sporting activities.

Open Space

Walkers who enjoy green fields and woodlands will certainly like Riddlesdown, Kenley Common, Dollypers Hill and Foxley Wood. The first two are owned and managed by the City of London. The London Borough of Croydon owns Dollypers Hill and Foxley Wood; the former is managed by the Surrey Wildlife Trust and Foxley Wood by the friends of Foxley. Visit   www.friendsoffoxley.co.uk  for more information. Schoolchildren will love the nature trail at Foxley Wood that takes about 90 minutes to amble through and is well signposted. A nature trail guide is available. Chalk downland is something of a rarity in England but in the Kenley district we have much to sustain the many unusual flowers that grow here. See if you can find the yellow rattle that flowers from June to late August.

Riddlesdown Caves

These have existed for a long time and mushrooms have been grown there. During the Second World War they were used as air-raid shelters. A firm of optical instrument makers presently uses them as the stable air temperature is ideal for the precise engineering required in the manufacture of the instruments.

Roman Road

The chalky pathway across Riddlesdown remains as the only evidence in Kenley that the Romans marched their columns this way en route to Londinium. The path also features in a book in 1880 telling cyclists how to get from London to Brighton via Lewes. The advent of the A22 provided a much easier route.

The Bourne Society

For more information on Kenley and other surrounding areas, contact the Bourne Society website at  www.bourne-society.org.uk .

The Fabric of Kenley

Kenley is not a village. There is no village green or village pond surrounded by cottages. It is a small sprawling rural area on the hillside to the west of the A22. Those with houses on this hillside have glorious views of Riddlesdown particularly in the autumn when the trees display their russet colours.

The Rose and Crown

The inn built c 1723 was originally named "The Rose". Its first use was to serve horse-drawn coaches coming down the old Lewes Road over Riddlesdown. It is known that a weekly carrier used this road as early as 1681. Some of the original Residents' Association meetings were held there. Unfortunately this inn has followed many others in Croydon and in 2007 was demolished to make room for a block of 37 flats.

Trees

Kenley has some very old trees and the two by the Little Roke railway footbridge, by the Oaklands development site, have been assessed at 394 and 880 years. The oldest tree aged 970 years is at Kenley House in Kenley Lane. Nearby is a sequoia, which is a tree native to California!

Water Supply

The local 500-foot borehole supplies all Kenley's needs with good clear water. The river Bourne flows mostly underground along the Godstone Road, the A22.

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